BOXING (part 2)
VICTORY IN THE FIGHT. The following outcomes are possible in a boxing match: a clear victory (knockout), a technical knockout, a victory on points, a victory behind a clear advantage,…

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HISTORY OF SPORTS FIGHT
There are several theories about the origin of wrestling as part of human culture. In some, wrestling is seen as an element of a religious cult (see below the “bear…

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SAMBO (part 1)
SAMBO (from "self-defense without weapons"), a type of combat sports, as well as an integrated system of self-defense. It is divided into two types: sports sambo and combat. Sports sambo…

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MARTIAL ARTS OF KOREA

Taekwondo
martial art created after World War II on the basis of Japanese karate and traditional Korean martial arts. In 1994, Taekwondo became an Olympic sport and in 2000 it was included in the program of the Olympic Games. The main difference between taekwondo and karate is the predominance of kicks; in sports taekwondo, about 70% of the blows are done with the feet and only 30% with the hands. Today, this ratio is maintained artificially, as the rules of the competition provoke athletes to inflict a large number of kicks, which are rated higher than punches. In some areas of modern taekwondo, blows to the head in competitions are prohibited.

HAPCIDO
(“Hapki” is a Korean reading of the character “aiki”), a system created as a Korean counterpart to Japanese aikido in the 1950s based on the same jiu-jitsu school as aikido.

RELIGIOUS-PHILOSOPHICAL BASIS OF MARTIAL ARTS
Great influence on the formation of the martial arts of East Asia was made by the Buddhism of the Ch’an direction (Japanese Zen) and Taoism. At the same time, martial arts, along with calligraphy and a tea ceremony, were among the various methods of preparing for the transition to a meditative state.

Thus, martial arts were considered in East Asia not only as systems of hand-to-hand combat, but also as an opportunity to strengthen the body and mind. In China, in many Buddhist monasteries, various martial arts have developed, on the one hand, for the defense of monasteries, and on the other, as dynamic meditation and a means of achieving concentration of consciousness. In Japan, as a result of centuries of armed struggle for power, a feudal estate of the samurai was formed, strictly observing the special moral code of the warrior – bushido. The local religions and teachings – Shintoism, Confucianism and Zen Buddhism – had a huge impact on the formation of the principles of this code. In the first place in the code were courage and faithful service to the supreme ruler; at the same time, the importance of family relationships, friendships, and life itself was downplayed. The possession of martial arts among the samurai was strongly encouraged, since it was believed that such exercises not only contribute to the improvement of the warrior’s skills, but also train the spirit, help to control oneself and concentrate.

JUDO IN RUSSIA
The founder of domestic judo is Vasily Sergeevich Oschepkov (1892–1937). He was born on South Sakhalin, which after the Russo-Japanese War was torn away from Russia in favor of Japan.…

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REQUIREMENTS FOR EQUIPMENT AND APPEARANCE OF THE WRESTLER
Before the bout (before weighing), the judge without fail checks the nails on the hands of athletes: they must be cut short. The presence of bristles on the face is…

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MIDDLE AGES
In the Middle Ages, wrestling as a sport ceases to exist. There was no place in the Christian world or in Islamic sport. But the struggle has not lost its…

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ABOUT PROFESSIONAL AND AMATEUR STATUS IN SPORTS FIGHT
It is known that already in the IV century BC Macedonians and Romans had professional wrestlers who received remuneration for participating in sports. Nevertheless, the question of whom to consider…

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